Squamous cell Carcinoma
Squamous cell skin cancer is a type of tumor that affects middle layer of skin. Any change in an existing wart, mole or other skin lesion or the development of a new growth that ulcerates and does not heal well, could indicate skin cancer. Skin cancer has a high cure rate if it is treated early, but neglect can allow cancer to spread causing disability or death.
Over 90% of skin cancers occur on areas of skin, regularly exposed to sunlight or other ultraviolet radiation. This is considered the primary cause of all skin cancers.
Other risks include older age, genetic predisposition (skin cancers are more common in those who have light-colored skin, blue or green eyes, and blond or red hair), chemical pollution and overexposure to x-rays or other forms of radiation. Exposure to arsenic, which may be present in some herbicides, is another risk for development of skin cancers.
Squamous cell cancer is a malignant tumor. It is more aggressive than basal cell cancer but still may be relatively slow-growing.
Squamous cell cancer involves cancerous changes to the cells of middle portion of epidermal skin layer. It is usually painless initially, but may become painful with development of ulcers that do not heal. This cancer may begin in normal skin — in the skin of a burn, injury or scar — or at a site of chronic inflammation (which occurs with many skin disorders). It often originates from sun-damaged skin areas, such as actinic keratosis. It usually begins after age 50.
Symptoms
- Skin lesion, growth or bump
- Small, firm, remmened module or flat growth.
- and Growth may be cone-shaped, Surface may be scaly or crusted, Usually located on the face, ears, neck, hands and arms, May occur on the lip, mouth, tongue, genitals or other areas
Role of Noni
Noni ppt (The polysaccharide) is a unique polysaccharide that has been used as a chemo-immunotherapy agent to treat cancer. NONI-ppt present in NONI develops an anti-tumor response by stimulating release of various cytokines mediator of the immune system of our body like
- Interleukin
- Interferon – gamma
- Nitric oxide
- Tumour necrosis factor
- Natural killer cells
Thus they help for controlling carcinogenesis by inhibiting growth and mutation of malignant cells. Pretreatment with Noni followed by ultraviolet irradiation increased levels of phosphorylated extra cellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) and stress-activated protein kinases (SAPK) enzymes in the body. Activation of SARK and ERKs play an important role in triggering apoptosis. Their activation proves the stimulatory effect of Noni on ultraviolet-induced apoptosis.
Noni exhibits antiangiogenesis effects on malignant cells. The cancer tumor has the ability to develop own blood vessels around its to get their nutrition for growth by the process of angiogenesis. Many phytochemicals present in NONI like Damnacanthal, Alizarin, Limonene, Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg) etc, just a few among the 150+ phytochemicals present in Noni that exhibit ANTIANGIOGENESIS effect on the malignant cells This inhibits growth and mutation of malignant cells and induces program cell death or apoptosis.
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg)
EGCg is a polyphenolic flavonoids antioxidant found in abundance in Noni. EGCg in Noni inhibits the quinol oxidase (NOX) enzyme tumor activity property thus helps in antiangiogenesis.
NOX enzymes are found in a variety of cell types and tissues where they react with oxygen to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), the free radical forms of oxygen that damage to the DNA of cell.
The ROS is involved in mutations and tissue damage in cancer and rheumatoid arthritis. Normal amounts of NOX production are important to regulate the cell growth. It is generally inactive during the normal cell division process on response to growth hormone stimulation but it is active in all the time in cancerous cell and responsible for the cancerous cell proliferation, cell motility, invasion and angiogenesis process, all of them prerequisites for tumor metastasis.
EGCg, a primary component of NONI inhibits the NOX activity of cancer cells. According to Dr. Morre’s experimental studies, it is found that EGCg in NONI inhibits NOX carcinogenesis activity but does not inhibit the NOX activity of healthy cells. Noni prevents the carcinogen DNA adduct formation on cell. Most chemical carcinogens need activation by our body enzymes to be transformed to an ultimate form that readily binds to genetic DNA to form DNA adducts. Carcinogen DNA adducts formation causes DNA damage. Carcinogen DNA adducts can be repaired by body enzymes. The unprepared DNA damaged cell will be responsible for mutation and the consequent cancer development. Therefore preventing carcinogen-DNA adduct formation is a key step for primary prevention in cancer at initiation steage of carcinogenesis.
Noni helps in prevention or blocks the formation of carcinogen induced DNA adduct. It may prevent cancer at the initiation stage of carcinogenesis.
Role of Antioxidant in Cancer Prevention
Oxidative stress in our body is the underlying cause of cancer. When excessive free radicals are allowed to exist near the nucleus of cell, significant damage to the DNA of cell results. Free radicals can also wreck damage on genetic structure of the DNA, which can then lead to abnormal growth of cell. As these cells continue to replicate, this mutated DNA ia carried to each newly developed cell. When there is further oxidative stress to this mutated DNA of the cell, more damage occurs. The cell will then begin to grow out of control. It spread from one part of the body to other(metastasis), thus becoming a true cancer
Oxidative stress is indeed the cause of cancer, antioxidants used to bring free radicals back into balance would lower risk of cancer. Therefore the best strategy is to maximize our own body’s immune system and antioxidant defense and this begins by eating a healthy natural supplement rich in antioxidants. Noni is the rich source of antioxidants. The high anti oxidant property of Noni prevents the formation of carcinogen-DNA adducts. It was hypothesized that the antioxidants in Noni may have cancer protective effects by scavenging reactive oxygen free radicals and quenching lipid peroxides.
Recommended Dosage
Divine Noni Concentrate
5ml morning and 5ml evening for 3 days. Then
10ml morning and 10ml evening for next 3 days. Then
15ml morning and 15ml evening for next 8 months.
